Interactive Demo

Hick's Law

The time it takes to make a decision increases with the number and complexity of choices. More options = slower decisions.

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Avg (4 options)
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Avg (16 options)
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Round

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Find and click the matching color as fast as you can.
You'll alternate between 4 options and 16 options.

What you're experiencing

Hick's Law (or the Hick-Hyman Law) was formulated by psychologists William Edmund Hick and Ray Hyman in 1952. It describes the time it takes for a person to make a decision as a result of the possible choices.

The formula is: T = b × log₂(n + 1) where T is decision time and n is the number of choices.

UX implications:

  • Simplify navigation menus. Fewer items means faster decisions
  • Use progressive disclosure to reveal options gradually
  • Break complex forms into multiple steps
  • Highlight recommended options to reduce cognitive load

Famous example: A grocery store study showed that displaying 24 jams resulted in only 4% conversion, while 6 jams achieved 31% conversion.